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  1. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: Updated 2021 Edition

    Per-person federal program spending (adjusted for inflation) reached $17,121 in 2020-21, by far the highest level in Canada’s history. Non-COVID-related per-person spending in 2020-21 was $11,165. Moreover, federal spending is estimated to reach ...

  2. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: 2021 Edition

    Ottawa spent twice as much per Canadian in 2020 ($17,091) as it did at height of WWII ($7,769) ...

  3. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: Updated 2020 Edition

    This essay updates the previous 2020 measure of per-person program spending by prime ministers, adjusting for inflation, since 1870. This essay focuses on the potential level of spending in 2020 based on the government’s response to the COVID ...

  4. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: 2020 Edition

    This bulletin measures the level of per-person program spending undertaken annually by prime ministers, adjusting for inflation, since 1870. (The years from 1867 to 1869 were excluded due to a lack of inflation data). Per-person spending spiked ...

  5. Spending Beyond Our Means: Addressing the Root Cause of Alberta’s Deficit

    In May of 2019, Alberta’s newly elected United Conservative Party created the Blue Ribbon Panel on Alberta’s Finances. The panel’s mandate was to develop recommendations to achieve a balanced operating budget without tax increases by 2022/23. This ...

  6. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: 2019 Edition

    This bulletin measures the level of per-person program spending undertaken annually by prime ministers, adjusting for inflation, since 1870. (The years from 1867 to 1869 were excluded due to a lack of inflation data). Per-person spending spiked ...

  7. The Costs of the Canadian Government's Reconciliation Framework for First Nations

    Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has made reconciliation with Indigenous peoples a leading objective of his government. This publication attempts to identify the budgetary costs of the policy measures associated with Trudeau’s “Reconciliation Framework,” as ...

  8. Comparing Municipal Government Finances in Metro Vancouver, 2018 Edition

    Municipal governments play an important role in the lives of British Columbians by providing important services and collecting taxes. But municipal finances do not receive the same degree of public scrutiny as the finances of senior governments. This can ...

  9. Repeating Past Mistakes? Spending Restraint Critical for Ontario’s Fiscal Health

    In 2016/17, Ontario’s net debt reached $302 billion, or approximately $21, 500 per Ontarian. The province’s debt-to-GDP level stands at 38 percent, just below its all-time historic high. Ontario’s net debt has increased dramatically since 2003/04, ...

  10. Canada’s Past Fiscal Leaders Are Now Fiscal Laggards: An Analysis of 2017 Provincial Budgets

    Around the turn of the 21st century, Alberta and Ontario could both boast of having comparatively sound public finances relative to most other provinces. In recent years, however, serious fiscal problems have emerged in both provinces. Alberta and Ontario ...