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  1. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: Updated 2021 Edition

    Per-person federal program spending (adjusted for inflation) reached $17,121 in 2020-21, by far the highest level in Canada’s history. Non-COVID-related per-person spending in 2020-21 was $11,165. Moreover, federal spending is estimated to reach ...

  2. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: 2021 Edition

    Ottawa spent twice as much per Canadian in 2020 ($17,091) as it did at height of WWII ($7,769) ...

  3. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: 2021 Edition

    Federal program spending in 2021 will reach a projected $11,370 per person—or 18.7 per cent of the economy. ...

  4. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: Updated 2020 Edition

    This essay updates the previous 2020 measure of per-person program spending by prime ministers, adjusting for inflation, since 1870. This essay focuses on the potential level of spending in 2020 based on the government’s response to the COVID ...

  5. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: 2020 Edition

    This bulletin measures the level of per-person program spending undertaken annually by prime ministers, adjusting for inflation, since 1870. (The years from 1867 to 1869 were excluded due to a lack of inflation data). Per-person spending spiked ...

  6. Prime Minister Trudeau cements his ‘debt’ legacy

    Appeared in the Thunder Bay Chronicle Journal, April 29, 2019 With this year’s federal budget, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau firmly established his fiscal legacy. No Canadian prime minister has spent more money (per person, inflation-adjusted) or ...

  7. A brief walk through history—government spending by prime minister

    After more than 151 years of Confederation, it’s informative to look back at the spending records of Canada’s 23 prime ministers and see how those records relate to Ottawa’s changing role in society. In a recent study, we analyzed ...

  8. Prime Ministers and Government Spending: 2019 Edition

    This bulletin measures the level of per-person program spending undertaken annually by prime ministers, adjusting for inflation, since 1870. (The years from 1867 to 1869 were excluded due to a lack of inflation data). Per-person spending spiked ...