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  1. Comparing the Costs of the Canada Pension Plan with Public Pension Plans in Ontario

    Proponents of the CPP and those who argue for its expansion often claim it has low costs and economies of scale, whereby the ratio of costs to assets declines as the value of assets under management grows. This paper examines that claim by comparing the ...

  2. Alberta's Personal Income Tax Increases Likely to Yield Less Revenue than Expected

    On October 1, 2015, the government of Alberta abandoned its single 10% personal income tax rate in favour of a 5-bracket personal income tax system with a top marginal tax rate of 15%. Changing tax rates prompts people to alter their behaviour, which can ...

  3. Understanding the Increases in Education Spending in Public Schools in Canada

    Education spending on public schools in Canada increased by $19.1 billion (45.9%) between 2003/04 and 2012/13, from $41.6 billion to $60.7 billion. Compensation (salaries and wages, benefits, and pensions) accounted for the overwhelming majority of this ...

  4. Enrolments and Education Spending in Public Schools in Canada

    To accurately understand education spending, enrolment changes must be included. For Canada as a whole, the increase in per-student spending in public schools after accounting for the effects of price changes was 30.8% between 2003-04 and 2012-13; from $9 ...

  5. Income Inequality Measurement Sensitivities

    This study measures both the current state of income inequality and its change over time (since 1982), paying particular attention to how different definitions of income and the choice of economic unit (individuals or families) influence the results. ...

  6. Ontario vs. the US “Rust Belt”: Coping with a Changing Economic World

    Since the recession, Ontario has recorded large and consistent budget deficits that have increased the province’s already enormous debt load. According to a prominent narrative at Queen’s Park, policymakers are not to blame for this fiscal trend because ...

  7. Entrepreneurship, Demographics and Capital Gains Tax Reform

    Business start-ups, and entrepreneurship more generally, drive productivity and economic growth. But the rate of business start-ups in Canada is declining. Since it peaked in 2004, the rate of business start-ups as a share of existing firms has declined ...

  8. Education Spending in Canada: What’s Actually Happening?

    Media reports on education spending in Canada often refer to spending cuts, gaps and caps, budget shortfalls, and expenditure decreases. An informal observer may well conclude that spending on government elementary and secondary schools across the ...

  9. Reforming Federal Personal Income Taxes: A Pro-Growth Plan for Canada

    After seven years of consecutive budgetary deficits, the federal government appears poised to balance its budget in 2015 and has signalled that its top, post-deficit priority is “examining ways to provide further tax relief for Canadians.” Reductions in ...

  10. Comparing Municipal Government Finances in Metro Vancouver

    Municipal governments play an important role in the lives of British Columbians by providing important services and collecting taxes. But municipal finances do not receive the same degree of public scrutiny as more senior governments. This can pose a ...